Python objects are an important part of the Python programming language as being an object oriented programming language, Python relies on objects and classes to handle its data items. Python complete itself around the concept of OOPs which help manage codes in an efficient manner. Python objects and classes are the main concepts of Python OOPs.
In this tutorial, we will learn more about Python objects in detail and learn how we are going to use it in our projects. We will also take an example to understand the Python OOPs and its object.
What are Python Objects?
Python Objects are instances of a class. It is a collection of data and functions which is made to operate on data. Everything you create, whether it is a list, function, class, or other is an object.
Talking about the Python objects it has its own types, identity, address, attributes, and methods. Let us take an example to understand Python objects.
Python Objects: Key Takeaways
- Python Objects are an important entity in OOPs i,e. Object Oriented Programming.
- Objects are the instance of class which can be anything or everything in Python.
- Classes help us create objects such as string, list, tuples, and more.
- For example, in the class Car, we can have objects like, Honda, Ford, Hyundai, Toyato, BMW, etc.
What are the Uses of Python Objects?
Python objects have an important role to play in Python programming and solving complex problems.
- With Python objects you can combine variables and methods into a single unit.
- You can easily use the Python object to implement reusability of an object and save yourself from writing the same code again and again.
- Objects make it easier to model real-world entities like a bank account, student, game character, etc.
- You can add, update, or delete properties/methods dynamically.
- Objects allow classes to inherit properties/methods from other classes.
Python objects are literally everything from the data types like integer, lists, strings, functions, even classes themselves are an object in Python which can easily be created, deleted, accessed or modified anytime based on your convenience.
How to Create an Object In Python?
We can create an object with some easy parameters in Python. Whenever we create an instance of the class it is stored as an object of the class. The object takes the reference from the name of the class. The object inherits every function, behavior and attributes mentioned in the class.
- First we start with defining a class.
- Now, we have to call the class to create an object which is also known as instantiating.
- Let us understand it completely using the example given below. We are taking a class Car which consists of objects.
| class Car:
def __init__(self, brand, model): self.brand = brand self.model = model def drive(self): print(f”Driving a {self.brand} {self.model}.”) my_car = Car(“Toyota”, “Corolla”) my_car.drive() |
Output
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Here, in this class car is the blueprint, and my_car variable is used to store the object. Where we are making the object inside the class car. You can easily call the object’s method defined in the class to execute a specific functionality.
How to Access Object Variable and Functions In Python?
We will start with creating an object from a class which can be accessed easily using the syntax. Let us understand how we can easily access the object within a class.
| class car:
toyota = 5 maruti = 5 honda = 4 volkswagen = 3 #Now we will create a simple object and access the attributes inside the class. obj 1 = car() print (obj 1. maruti) print (obj 1. honda) |
Output
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Now, let us learn to access the Python objects inside a simple function class. In Python, functions inside classes are also known as methods where we can easily pass the arguments and parameters of the methods. Let us try to access objects through these methods in Python.
| class PWSkills::
def greet(self, name): print(f”Hello {name}, welcome to PW Skills!”) # Creating an object of the class student = PWSkills() student.greet(“Ankit”) |
Output
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In the above Python objects example, you can check a class named PWSkills() included with methods where we can use it to print the name of the user. Make sure you remember that the init method or function in Python is called every time a new object is declared from a class.
The first argument that is passed in the Python class methods must be the object itself. It is called a self passed argument in Python. We can easily call this parameter using the self if we need it in function.
Changing Python Objects Properties Using Simple Methods
Let us now understand how we can easily change the Python values and variables in methods or variables. Let us understand it using a simple example.
| class PWSkills:
def __init__(self, student_name): self.name = student_name def update_name(self, new_name): self.name = new_name def display_name(self): print(f”Student’s name is {self.name}”) # Create an object student = PWSkills(“Ankit”) # Display the initial name student.display_name() # Change the name using method student.update_name(“Riya”) # Display the updated name student.display_name() |
Output
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Can I Create Multiple Objects In A Python Class
Yes, we can easily create multiple Python objects using a single class methods and attributes. You can integrate distinct methods and properties to the Python object. You have to just keep on creating different instances of objects in Python using unique variables.
| class Student:
def __init__(self, name, course): self.name = name self.course = course def introduce(self): print(f”My name is {self.name} and I am studying {self.course}.”) # Create multiple objects student1 = Student(“Ankit”, “Data Science”) student2 = Student(“Riya”, “Web Development”) student3 = Student(“Rahul”, “AI and ML”) # Calling methods for each object student1.introduce() student2.introduce() student3.introduce() |
Output
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You can check the three different python objects created with different variables. You can easily print out these python objects on the screen and apply different properties in the object methods.
Deleting Python Objects or Properties With Methods & Variables
We can easily delete or change the properties of Python object methods or variables.
| class PWSkills:
def __init__(self, student_name): self.name = student_name self.course = “Data Science” # Create an object student = PWSkills(“Ankit”) # Display properties print(student.name) # Output: Ankit print(student.course) # Output: Data Science # Deleting a property del student.course # Trying to access deleted property will give an error # print(student.course) # Uncommenting this will cause AttributeError # Deleting the entire object del student # Trying to access deleted object will also cause an error # print(student) # Uncommenting this will cause NameError |
Output
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After deleting the property and the entire object let us see the result of the print statement below.
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Python Objects & OOPs FAQs
Q1. What are Python Objects?
Ans: Python Objects are instances of a class. It is a collection of data and functions which is made to operate on data. Everything you create, whether it is a list, function, class, or other is an object.
Q2. Can we modify Python objects?
Ans: Yes, we can easily create, delete, and change value within a Python object.
Q3. Can we delete a complete Python Object?
Ans: We can easily delete a Python object using the del() operator. It will remove all attributes related to an object in Python.
Q4. What is the difference between Python objects and classes?
Ans: Python objects are instance of class whereas the class is a complete blueprint or a complete theme of a structure which will define the methods and attributes of a data.
